Research on Optimal Scheduling of Multi-Energy Microgrid Based on Stackelberg Game

In recent years, rapid industrialization has driven higher energy demand, depleting fossil-fuel reserves and causing excessive emissions. China’s “dual carbon” strategy aims to balance development sustainability. This study optimizes microgrid efficiency with a tiered carbon-priced economy. A Stackelberg game establishes microgrid-user equilibrium, solved iteratively multi-population algorithm (MPGA). Comparative analysis can be obtained without considering demand response scenarios, the optimization cost of operation price-based scenarios was reduced by 5%; that is 668.95 yuan. addition, electricity purchase decreased 23.8%, or 778.6 The model promotes user-driven use, elevating economic system benefits, therefore, scheduling expectation “peak shaving valley filling” effectively realized.